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101.
Based on the analysis of influencing factors chloride ion diffusion in concrete and the simplified model induced by Fick's second law, a chloride ion diffusion model was established, in which , the influences of water-cement ratio, humidity, time, temperature, chloride ion binding capacity of concrete and freeze-thaw cycle are taken into consideration. The Validity of the new model is verified through the comparison of results between the proposed model and the existing analytic /numerical model. Compared with the analytic model, the proposed model can consider the seasonal change of humidity and temperature,and the time-variant effect of freeze-thaw cycle.Compared with the numerical model, the computational efficiency of the proposed model is higher. 相似文献
102.
Pulmonary hypertension induced by high pulmonary blood flow involves a variety of complex mechanisms, including endothelial damage, pulmonary artery smooth muscle relaxation-contraction disorder and vascular remodeling. Besides, the factor of ion channels in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells is also highly correlated to vasoconstriction. In recent years, many studies have shown that activation of Ca2+-activated Cl- channels is responsible for the membrane depolarization of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, and plays an important role in the regulation of vascular tone and vasoconstriction. This article reviews the biophysical and pharmacological characteristics of Ca2+-activated Cl- channels as well as the influence of Ca2+-activated Cl- channels in high pulmonary blood flow-induced pulmonary hypertension. 相似文献
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105.
该试验以银杏幼胚作为外植体,以0.1%HgCl2 溶液作为消毒剂,设置消毒时间为
6min、8min、10min 三个配比,采用4 种不同配比的诱导培养基配方对银杏幼胚进行诱导培养研
究。通过比较不同消毒时间下银杏幼胚的成活率、萌发率、污染率,及不同诱导培养基上银杏幼
胚萌发成苗的生长状态,最后结果得出:幼胚使用0.1%HgCl2 消毒8min 最佳;MS+1.0 mg· L-1
6-BA+1.0mg·L-1 NAA 配方最有利于银杏幼胚诱导。 相似文献
106.
Tahereh A. Aghajanzadeh Martin Reich Malcolm J. Hawkesford Meike Burow 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2019,65(7):945-956
Salinity as a major agricultural problem can affect crop growth and quality. Onion (Allium cepa L.) plant contains a wide variety of sulfur-containing compounds which may be involved in plant protection against salt stress. In the current study, a similar reduction in growth caused by chloride and sulfate salts was observed when onion was exposed to equimolar concentrations of Na+. Also, no difference was observed for shoot/root ratio and dry matter content of roots and shoots. Plants accumulated Na+ and the respective anions (chloride and sulfate) which in turn caused changes in the content of other nutrients. The content of potassium and calcium was decreased more than the other elements by both sodium salts. Sulfate salinity resulted in substantial increase in total sulfur and sulfate content but chloride salinity affected neither the total sulfur nor sulfate content of the roots and shoots, only in onion exposed to 200 mM chloride salt, those of roots and shoots were reduced. Furthermore, the water-soluble non-protein thiol content as well as the content of alliin remained rather unaffected. In conclusion, either salts affected the uptake and distribution of sulfate in onion, but had no or only a minor effect on the plant sulfur metabolism. 相似文献
107.
Gabriela Vargas Jos Verdejo Adrian Rivera Domingo Surez Cristian Youlton Juan L. Celis-Diez Yves Le Bissonnais Elvira A. Dovletyarova Alexander Neaman 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2019,182(2):159-166
The structural stability of soil is a physical characteristic that affects soil degradation processes. Calcium‐based amendments, such as calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, and calcium oxide/hydroxide, have been shown to improve the stability of soil aggregates. This study seeks to determine which calcium‐based soil amendments, and at what concentration, are the most efficient in improving aggregate stability of sandy topsoils derived from granitic and metamorphic parent materials, and to analyze the mechanisms involved. In the pot experiment, soils amended with CaCO3, CaCl2, and CaSO4 did not present significant differences in aggregate stability compared to the control or among each other. In contrast, Ca(OH)2 soil amendment brought the greatest stability to the soil aggregates. A dose of 1% Ca(OH)2 significantly increased the stability of soil aggregates. This effect is due to the reaction of Ca(OH)2 with atmospheric CO2 which leads to the formation of CaCO3, a delayed reaction not showed by the other soil amendments tested. Likewise, the greater solubility of Ca(OH)2 compared to CaCO3 exerts a greater aggregation effect on soil. Thus, the mechanism of action of Ca(OH)2 is related to cementation, rather than flocculation. Future studies should be carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of Ca(OH)2 under field conditions. 相似文献
108.
P.W. Mashela 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2017,67(8):737-742
Shoot flushes alternate with root flushes and the evergreen red milkwood (Mimusops zeyheri Sond.) fruit tree has winter (May–July) and summer (October-December) shoot flushes in southern hemisphere. Fruit of this plant contain high vitamin C and the tree is being researched and bred for arid inland southern Africa regions. Climate change predictions suggested that by 2030 the regions would experience high temperatures (>45°C), recurrent floods and repeated droughts, which are associated with increased salinity challenges. The objective of this study was to determine the degree of salt tolerance in M. zeyheri seedlings to chloride and carbonate salinity during summer and winter shoot flushes under microplot conditions. Treatments, comprising untreated control, NaCl, KCl, CaCl2 and Na2CO3 each at 1.0 molar (M) solutions, were applied weekly for eight weeks. During both seasons, CaCl2 and Na2CO3 salinity had significant effects on soil pH and EC. During summer, salt types increased (106%–253%) dry shoot mass and reduced (53%–79%) root/shoot ratio. During winter, Na2CO3 salinity increased (114%) dry shoot mass, but the effects were not different to those induced by NaCl and CaCl2 salinity. All other plant growth variables were not affected by salt type. Salt type had significant effects on assimilation of selected nutrient elements in leaf tissues of M. zeyheri seedlings during winter. Sodium chloride did not have significant effects on nutrient elements, whereas KCl, CaCl2 and Na2CO3 significantly affected selected macronutrient elements and Zn. In conclusion, effects of chloride and carbonate salinity on M. zeyheri seedlings were both season- and salt type-specific, with seedlings displaying some degree of salt tolerance to chloride and carbonate salinity. 相似文献
109.
[目的]建立土壤氯离子与高光谱波段的多元线性回归模型,获取盐渍化信息,为盐分的高精度提取提供更有效的方法,为农业生态环境重建工作提供科学依据。[方法]以山东省垦利县作为研究区,于2014年10月5—7日野外采集93个土壤样本,利用ASD高光谱仪野外采集土样高光谱数据并进行预处理,然后采用多元回归和主成分分析方法建立估测氯离子含量的高光谱模型,以快速估测氯离子含量。[结果]氯离子在近红外749,830,987,1301,1 432,1 486nm较为敏感,在土壤光谱分析的基础上,得到室内风干土壤氯离子含量预测最优模型,模型均通过T检验和F检验,能较好地预测土壤氯离子含量。[结论]研究区土壤各组分盐离子中,阳离子以钠离子为主,阴离子以氯离子为主,该模型使间接得到土壤盐分含量具有较好可行性。 相似文献
110.